Global Atlas of Marine Floating Solar PV Potential

In this paper, we analyse 40 years of maximum wind speed and wave height data to identify potential sites for solar photovoltaic (PV) systems floating on seas oceans. Maximum hourly were segregated into 5 distinct categories. These categorisations then combined at the nearest grid point each sea location, generating a comprehensive wind–wave map via geographic information system (GIS) visualisation. We find that regions around equator are generally calm, i.e., free from strong winds large waves. The most favourable locations Indonesian archipelago, Gulf Guinea west coast tropical Africa. Our analysis indicates huge PV in calm maritime regions, capable about one million terawatt-hours per year rarely experience waves larger than 6 m or stronger 15 m/s. This study furthers our understanding alternative renewable energy options, emphasising promising offshore global transition.